American fish-culture, embracing all the details of artificial breeding and rearing of trout; the culture of salmon, shad, and other fishes by Norris Thaddeus 1811-1877

Author:Norris, Thaddeus, 1811-1877
Language: eng
Format: epub, pdf
Tags: Fish-culture
Publisher: Philadelphia, Porter & Coates; [etc., etc.]
Published: 1868-03-25T05:00:00+00:00

lower maxillaries. None, apparently, on the vomer. These are necessary for the capture of the water beetles that then constitute a part of their food. The jaws of the adult are, as is well known, smooth.

" Of the further growth of the shad, we cannot as yet speak with certainty, although there are pretty good grounds for an opinion. Mr. Frederic Russell, late Commissioner from Connecticut, first called attention to some small Alosse,, about nine inches long, called by the fishermen, ' chicken shad/ or ' Connecticut river alewives.' He was led to consider them partly grown fishes, from the fact that they all were males. Of many hundreds examined, only one female could be found, and there the ova were not developed. The fish taken for artificial breeding at Holy-oke were then compared, and it was found that they were of three, if not of four distinct sets or sizes. The smallest were the ' chicken shad,' and were all males; the next were but half the size of the largest, and were males and females; so also were the largest of all. Hence we may at least guess, that the young of the autumn go down, as minnows of four inches, to the sea. The next spring the males are fecund (so too in the salmon parr), and seek the fresh water, urged by the sexual instinct, and are the chicken shad or yearlings. Not so the females, which, not yet sexually developed, remain in the salt water, or in the estuaries. When two years old both sexes are fecund and seek the river together. These are the half-grown or two-year-olds. The third season they are large fish, and may be termed three-year-olds. But these three-year-olds have,

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